Interactions between brain acetylcholine and prostaglandins in control of vasopressin release.

We have examined in conscious rats the interaction between centrally acting prostanoids and acetylcholine in the stimulation of vasopressin secretion. The intracerebroventricular (icv) administration of carbachol (25 ng) resulted in marked transient increases in the plasma vasopressin concentration and mean arterial blood pressure and a transient reduction in heart rate. Central cyclooxygenase blockade by pretreatment icv with either meclofenamate (100 micrograms) or indomethacin (100 micrograms) virtually completely blocked these responses. Prostaglandin (PG) D2 (20 micrograms icv) caused transient increases in the plasma vasopressin concentration (much smaller than after carbachol) and heart rate, whereas mean arterial blood pressure rose gradually during the 15-min course of the experiment. Pretreatment with the muscarinic antagonist atropine (10 micrograms icv) decreased the peak vasopressin response to icv PGD2 by approximately one-third but had no effect on the cardiovascular responses. We conclude that the stimulation of vasopressin release by centrally acting acetylcholine is dependent on increased prostanoid biosynthesis. On the other hand, stimulation of vasopressin release by icv PGD2 is partially dependent on activation of a cholinergic pathway.