Enlarged bronchial collateral artery complicating recovery after arterial switch for simple transposition of the great arteries.

Enlarged bronchial collateral arteries can lead to significant left to right shunting resulting in pulmonary hypercirculation and hypoxemia and may complicate postoperative recovery after uneventful surgical repair. We describe a case of simple transposition of the great arteries in which the postoperative course was complicated by the presence of an enlarged bronchial collateral artery causing pulmonary oedema necessitating prolonged mechanical ventilatory support. Successful coil embolisation of the bronchial collateral resulted in resolution of the pulmonary oedema and successful extubation.