OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the potential additive or synergistic effect of fish oil (FO) and fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) on cholesterol concentration in plasma and the liver. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were fed high-fat diets (30% fat, 20% protein, wt/wt) containing FO (5%), FPH (10%), a combination of FO and FPH, or a high-fat control diet. After 7 wk of feeding, the rats were fasted for 12 h before lipid levels in plasma and the liver and hepatic activities of acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, and fatty acid synthase were measured. RESULTS: The combination of FO and FPH in the diet profoundly reduced the plasma cholesterol level, mainly due to lowering of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, whereas the hepatic total cholesterol concentration was elevated compared with control rats and rats fed diets containing FPH or FO alone. The elevated cholesterol concentration in the liver was caused by an increased amount of cholesteryl esters and was in correlation to an increased activity of acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase. There was a reduced fatty acid synthase activity that could lead to a reduced lipogenesis in the rats fed a combination of FO and FPH. CONCLUSION: A dietary combination of FO and FPH resulted in lower levels of plasma cholesterol and higher levels of hepatic cholesterol compared with dietary FO or FPH alone. Further studies are warranted to confirm whether the hypocholesterolemic effect was due to a reduced secretion of very low-density lipoprotein from the liver.
OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the potential additive or synergistic effect of fish oil (FO) and fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) on cholesterol concentration in plasma and the liver. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were fed high-fat diets (30% fat, 20% protein, wt/wt) containing FO (5%), FPH (10%), a combination of FO and FPH, or a high-fat control diet. After 7 wk of feeding, the rats were fasted for 12 h before lipid levels in plasma and the liver and hepatic activities of acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, and fatty acid synthase were measured. RESULTS: The combination of FO and FPH in the diet profoundly reduced the plasma cholesterol level, mainly due to lowering of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, whereas the hepatic total cholesterol concentration was elevated compared with control rats and rats fed diets containing FPH or FO alone. The elevated cholesterol concentration in the liver was caused by an increased amount of cholesteryl esters and was in correlation to an increased activity of acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase. There was a reduced fatty acid synthase activity that could lead to a reduced lipogenesis in the rats fed a combination of FO and FPH. CONCLUSION: A dietary combination of FO and FPH resulted in lower levels of plasma cholesterol and higher levels of hepatic cholesterol compared with dietary FO or FPH alone. Further studies are warranted to confirm whether the hypocholesterolemic effect was due to a reduced secretion of very low-density lipoprotein from the liver.
Authors: Bodil Bjørndal; Marie S Ramsvik; Carine Lindquist; Jan E Nordrehaug; Inge Bruheim; Asbjørn Svardal; Ottar Nygård; Rolf K Berge Journal: Mar Drugs Date: 2015-09-08 Impact factor: 5.118
Authors: Linn A Vikøren; Aslaug Drotningsvik; Marthe T Bergseth; Svein A Mjøs; Nazanin Mola; Sabine Leh; Gunnar Mellgren; Oddrun A Gudbrandsen Journal: Food Nutr Res Date: 2017-06-12 Impact factor: 3.894
Authors: Bodil Bjørndal; Thomas A Aloysius; Anders Lund; Rasa Slizyte; Pavol Bohov; Ana Karina Carvajal; Rolf K Berge Journal: Food Sci Nutr Date: 2019-12-13 Impact factor: 2.863
Authors: Linn A Vikøren; Aslaug Drotningsvik; Marthe T Bergseth; Svein A Mjøs; Maren H Austgulen; Gunnar Mellgren; Oddrun A Gudbrandsen Journal: Nutrients Date: 2018-06-28 Impact factor: 5.717