Molecular cloning and analysis of the rat kallikrein-binding protein gene.

The gene encoding rat kallikrein-binding protein (RKBP), a serine protease inhibitor, has been isolated and analyzed with the aid of the polymerase chain reaction. The gene is approximately 10 kilobases in length with four introns of approximately 2.2, 1.8, 0.9, and 0.84 kilobases. This gene is composed of five exons and encodes a polypeptide of 416 amino acid residues. The reactive center region of RKBP is encoded by the fifth exon with the putative P1-P1' residues being Lys-Ser. The organization of the RKBP gene is homologous to those of human alpha 1-antitrypsin and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin in size and arrangement of exons and introns, suggesting that they belong to the same subgroup of serpins. In the 5'-flanking region of the RKBP gene, a variant TATA box sequence, ATAAATA, is found 20 base pairs upstream from the transcription initiation site. The 5'-flanking region of the RKBP gene was able to direct transcription of the reporter gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase when transfected into a rat hepatoma cell line. An internal promoter-like region was found in the first intron of the RKBP gene, downstream from the transcription initiation site and upstream from the translation initiation codon, however, it was unable to direct expression of the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase reporter gene in our experiments. The expression of RKBP in rat liver was induced by sex hormone treatment as indicated by dot-blot analysis. A genomic Southern blot using an RKBP cDNA probe revealed multiple bands suggesting that the RKBP gene belongs to a family of highly conserved genes.