Macrophage phenotype and renal fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy.

Macrophages have classically been recognized as key players that may promote renal fibrosis. However, several recent studies have suggested a beneficial anti-fibrotic role of infiltrating macrophages that acts to preserve renal architecture in the progressive renal scarring associated with obstructive nephropathy. Furthermore, recent investigations indicate a role for macrophages in both inflammation and repair during disease processes and this has superseded the classical injurious view of macrophages. As a result, the exact role of interstitial macrophages upon various facets of renal fibrosis is an important challenge that needs to be addressed. In this article, we discuss the possible beneficial anti-fibrotic role of infiltrating macrophages in obstructive nephropathy and discuss the potential mechanisms that may regulate the effect of macrophages upon renal interstitial fibrosis. Copyright (c) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel.