Motor unit acceleration maps and interference mechanomyographic distribution.

The study analyses the two-dimensional distribution of surface mechanomyographic (MMG) signal generated by the activation of single motor units located in three transverse positions in the tibialis anterior muscle. In 12 healthy volunteers, surface MMG signals were recorded from the tibialis anterior muscle with a 3 x 4 grid of accelerometers spaced by 20 and 30 mm in the transverse and longitudinal direction. Three intramuscular electromyographic (EMG) signals were recorded with wire electrodes inserted 20-mm apart, between the first and second most proximal accelerometers of each column of the grid. The subject was asked to activate three different motor units (target motor units) in three contractions with visual feedback from each of the three intramuscular recordings (three locations). The MMG signals from the 12 accelerometers were averaged using the intramuscular single motor unit action potentials as trigger in order to obtain surface motor unit acceleration maps (MUAMs). The peak-to-peak value of the averaged MMG depended on motor unit location (P<0.001) and on the transverse position of the accelerometer in the grid (P<0.05). Moreover, MUAM amplitude depended on the interaction between motor unit location and transverse accelerometer position (P<0.05), demonstrating an influence of motor unit location on the generated MUAM. The observed dependency of MUAMs on motor unit location provides a quantitative analysis of the effect of the volume conductor on the recorded surface MMG signal.