BACKGROUND: Intervention studies have indicated an interaction between the blood pressure response to a low-sodium or a low-fat and high-fruit and -vegetable diet and the angiotensinogen gene (AGT) polymorphisms G-6A and M235T. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether this interaction is also present in a large free-living population. DESIGN: Urinary sodium, potassium as biomarkers of intake, and blood pressure were measured in 11 384 men and women aged 45-79 y participating in the Norfolk arm of the European Prospective Investigation of Nutrition and Cancer (EPIC). The M235T polymorphism was assessed by pyrosequencing. RESULTS: Highly significant associations between sodium and blood pressure were shown for all genotypes (P < 0.001), but the regression coefficient for systolic blood pressure associated with each unit of sodium for each of the MT and TT genotypes was approximately double that for the MM homozygotes (P < 0.001 for heterogeneity between genotypes). Differences were evident at high exposures to sodium but not at low exposures. There were no significant associations between blood pressure and dietary or urinary potassium. CONCLUSIONS: This large cross-sectional study supports public health recommendations to reduce salt consumption in the population as a whole, and it confirms intervention trial data showing the greatest response to intervention in persons with the AA and TT genotype in the AGT G-6A and M235T polymorphisms. Genotype effects in populations at low exposure to sodium are not likely to be seen.
BACKGROUND: Intervention studies have indicated an interaction between the blood pressure response to a low-sodium or a low-fat and high-fruit and -vegetable diet and the angiotensinogen gene (AGT) polymorphisms G-6A and M235T. OBJECTIVE: We investigated whether this interaction is also present in a large free-living population. DESIGN: Urinary sodium, potassium as biomarkers of intake, and blood pressure were measured in 11 384 men and women aged 45-79 y participating in the Norfolk arm of the European Prospective Investigation of Nutrition and Cancer (EPIC). The M235T polymorphism was assessed by pyrosequencing. RESULTS: Highly significant associations between sodium and blood pressure were shown for all genotypes (P < 0.001), but the regression coefficient for systolic blood pressure associated with each unit of sodium for each of the MT and TT genotypes was approximately double that for the MM homozygotes (P < 0.001 for heterogeneity between genotypes). Differences were evident at high exposures to sodium but not at low exposures. There were no significant associations between blood pressure and dietary or urinary potassium. CONCLUSIONS: This large cross-sectional study supports public health recommendations to reduce salt consumption in the population as a whole, and it confirms intervention trial data showing the greatest response to intervention in persons with the AA and TT genotype in the AGTG-6A and M235T polymorphisms. Genotype effects in populations at low exposure to sodium are not likely to be seen.
Authors: Pablo Pérez-Martínez; Dimitri P Mikhailidis; Vasilios G Athyros; Mónica Bullo; Patrick Couture; María I Covas; Lawrence de Koning; Javier Delgado-Lista; Andrés Díaz-López; Christian A Drevon; Ramón Estruch; Katherine Esposito; Montserrat Fitó; Marta Garaulet; Dario Giugliano; Antonio García-Ríos; Niki Katsiki; Genovefa Kolovou; Benoît Lamarche; Maria Ida Maiorino; Guillermo Mena-Sánchez; Araceli Muñoz-Garach; Dragana Nikolic; José M Ordovás; Francisco Pérez-Jiménez; Manfredi Rizzo; Jordi Salas-Salvadó; Helmut Schröder; Francisco J Tinahones; Rafael de la Torre; Ben van Ommen; Suzan Wopereis; Emilio Ros; José López-Miranda Journal: Nutr Rev Date: 2017-05-01 Impact factor: 7.110
Authors: Zheng Liu; Han Qi; Bin Liu; Kuo Liu; Jingjing Wu; Han Cao; Jie Zhang; Yuxiang Yan; Yan He; Ling Zhang Journal: Hypertens Res Date: 2017-04-27 Impact factor: 3.872
Authors: Andrew D Johnson; Christopher Newton-Cheh; Daniel I Chasman; Georg B Ehret; Toby Johnson; Lynda Rose; Kenneth Rice; Germaine C Verwoert; Lenore J Launer; Vilmundur Gudnason; Martin G Larson; Aravinda Chakravarti; Bruce M Psaty; Mark Caulfield; Cornelia M van Duijn; Paul M Ridker; Patricia B Munroe; Daniel Levy Journal: Hypertension Date: 2011-03-28 Impact factor: 10.190