PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Here, we review the pathways of allorecognition and their potential relevance to the balance between regulatory and effector responses following transplantation. RECENT FINDINGS: Transplantation between nonidentical members of the same species elicits an immune response that manifests as graft rejection or persistence. Presentation of foreign antigen to recipient T cells can occur via three nonmutually exclusive routes, the direct, indirect and semi-direct pathways. Allospecific T cells can have effector or regulatory functions, and the relative proportions of the two populations activated following alloantigen presentation are two of the factors that determine the clinical outcome. Regulatory T cells have been the subject of significant research, and there is now greater understanding of their recruitment and function in the context of allorecognition. SUMMARY: A greater understanding of the mechanisms underlying allorecognition may be fundamental to appreciating how these different populations are recruited and could in turn inform novel strategies for immunomodulation.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Here, we review the pathways of allorecognition and their potential relevance to the balance between regulatory and effector responses following transplantation. RECENT FINDINGS: Transplantation between nonidentical members of the same species elicits an immune response that manifests as graft rejection or persistence. Presentation of foreign antigen to recipient T cells can occur via three nonmutually exclusive routes, the direct, indirect and semi-direct pathways. Allospecific T cells can have effector or regulatory functions, and the relative proportions of the two populations activated following alloantigen presentation are two of the factors that determine the clinical outcome. Regulatory T cells have been the subject of significant research, and there is now greater understanding of their recruitment and function in the context of allorecognition. SUMMARY: A greater understanding of the mechanisms underlying allorecognition may be fundamental to appreciating how these different populations are recruited and could in turn inform novel strategies for immunomodulation.
Authors: Elizabeth Ann L Enninga; Patrick Raber; Reade A Quinton; Rodrigo Ruano; Nadia Ikumi; Clive M Gray; Erica L Johnson; Rana Chakraborty; Sarah E Kerr Journal: J Immunol Date: 2020-04-22 Impact factor: 5.422
Authors: Ibrahim Batal; Sacha A De Serres; Kassem Safa; Vanesa Bijol; Takuya Ueno; Maristela L Onozato; A John Iafrate; Jan M Herter; Andrew H Lichtman; Tanya N Mayadas; Indira Guleria; Helmut G Rennke; Nader Najafian; Anil Chandraker Journal: J Am Soc Nephrol Date: 2015-04-08 Impact factor: 10.121
Authors: Daisuke Ishii; Joshua M Rosenblum; Taiji Nozaki; Austin D Schenk; Kiyoshi Setoguchi; Charles A Su; Victoria Gorbacheva; William M Baldwin; Anna Valujskikh; Robert L Fairchild Journal: J Immunol Date: 2014-08-29 Impact factor: 5.422