Treatment of advanced carpometacarpal joint disease: carpometacarpal arthroplasty with ligament interposition.

Basal joint arthritis is a common condition, primarily affecting postmenopausal women. Persistent pain and functional impairment despite conservative treatment are indications for operative intervention. Ligament reconstruction and tendon interposition (LRTI) arthroplasty is one of the most popular and time-tested operations to treat metacarpal instability and basal joint arthritis. LRTI incorporates three fundamental principles that address the underlying anatomic pathology: (1) trapezium excision, either partial or complete, to eliminate eburnated bone and the source of pain; (2) anterior oblique ligament reconstruction for carpometacarpal joint stability; and (3) tendon interposition to minimize axial shortening and prevent bony impingement.