Is stroke a HIV-related neurologic manifestation?

Neurologic illnesses occur commonly in association with HIV infection, are frequently debilitating and often life-threatening. The commonly recognized HIV-related neurologic illnesses include encephalopathy (dementia), myelopathy, neuropathy and myopathy. Stroke as a HIV-related manifestation is an increasingly recognized and evolving issue. This article reviews the literature on the association of stroke and HIV, stroke risk and stroke mechanisms in HIV-infected patients, and the role of antiretroviral drugs in HIV-related stroke.