Antenatal testing--benefits and costs.

Antenatal testing is a common component of care for the high-risk pregnancy. The goals of antenatal testing include the prevention of stillbirth and the detection of the hypoxic fetus to allow intervention before acidosis and long-term damage. Data regarding the efficacy of antenatal testing are limited by a lack of randomized controlled trials. The majority of available data hinge on observational studies with the inherent potential for bias. There is also a paucity of data comparing the various testing modalities and addressing the issue of the optimal timing of initiation of testing. As well, data are limited regarding the various conditions most likely to benefit from testing and the frequency with which testing should be performed. The issue of cost relating to antenatal testing is an important one. Central to the issue of estimating cost is an understanding of the efficacy of the test. Given our current limitations, we have significant difficulty accurately estimating the cost of antenatal testing; however, rough estimates of cost are made.