Y W Cheng1, A B Caughey. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To review the diagnosis and management of gestational diabetes. EPIDEMIOLOGY: In the United States, approximately 2 to 5% of all pregnant women have gestational diabetes. Those women with a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, Asian or native American race, Latina ethnicity or obesity are at higher risk for developing gestational diabetes. CONCLUSION: Women with gestational diabetes who are treated appropriately can achieve good outcomes in the majority of pregnancies. Frequent blood glucose monitoring, nutrition counseling and frequent physician contact allow for individualized care to achieve optimal outcomes. Such treatment includes diet, exercise and insulin. The use of oral hypoglycemic agents is controversial and there is some concern about worse maternal and neonatal outcomes as compared to treatment with insulin. Evolving technologies promise to provide more therapeutic options.
PURPOSE: To review the diagnosis and management of gestational diabetes. EPIDEMIOLOGY: In the United States, approximately 2 to 5% of all pregnant women have gestational diabetes. Those women with a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, Asian or native American race, Latina ethnicity or obesity are at higher risk for developing gestational diabetes. CONCLUSION:Women with gestational diabetes who are treated appropriately can achieve good outcomes in the majority of pregnancies. Frequent blood glucose monitoring, nutrition counseling and frequent physician contact allow for individualized care to achieve optimal outcomes. Such treatment includes diet, exercise and insulin. The use of oral hypoglycemic agents is controversial and there is some concern about worse maternal and neonatal outcomes as compared to treatment with insulin. Evolving technologies promise to provide more therapeutic options.
Authors: Cem Demirci; Sara Ernst; Juan C Alvarez-Perez; Taylor Rosa; Shelley Valle; Varsha Shridhar; Gabriella P Casinelli; Laura C Alonso; Rupangi C Vasavada; Adolfo García-Ocana Journal: Diabetes Date: 2012-03-16 Impact factor: 9.461