BACKGROUND: The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) is a measure of diet quality developed based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). OBJECTIVE: The objective was to assess the diet quality of a multi-ethnic population using and comparing the 2 HEIs, the updated HEI (HEI-05) based on the 2005 DGA and the original 1990 HEI (HEI-90), with the objective of predicting obesity outcomes. DESIGN: A longitudinal analysis of survey and clinical data from 6236 middle-aged and elderly white, African American, Hispanic, and Chinese participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) was conducted. Baseline diet quality was assessed with the use of HEI-90 and HEI-05. Baseline and 18-mo follow-up body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) data were predicted by using z score multiple regression models, and categorical obesity status was predicted by using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: Overall, the HEI-05 had larger z score beta coefficients than did the HEI-90 (eg, in whites, -0.53 compared with -0.48 in baseline BMI, -0.54 compared with -0.47 in follow-up BMI, -1.67 compared with -1.56 in baseline WC, and -1.57 compared with -1.44 in follow-up WC). Among whites only, both HEIs were significant predictors of BMI and WC (all P < 0.001). The odds of being obese rather than normal weight were inversely related to HEI z scores primarily in whites (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The changes to the 2005 DGA, as reflected by HEI-05, appear to better predict obesity outcomes in this multi-ethnic population, primarily in whites. Additional research on ethnic-specific DGA adherence and its relation to health outcomes is needed.
BACKGROUND: The Healthy Eating Index (HEI) is a measure of diet quality developed based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). OBJECTIVE: The objective was to assess the diet quality of a multi-ethnic population using and comparing the 2 HEIs, the updated HEI (HEI-05) based on the 2005 DGA and the original 1990 HEI (HEI-90), with the objective of predicting obesity outcomes. DESIGN: A longitudinal analysis of survey and clinical data from 6236 middle-aged and elderly white, African American, Hispanic, and Chinese participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) was conducted. Baseline diet quality was assessed with the use of HEI-90 and HEI-05. Baseline and 18-mo follow-up body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) data were predicted by using z score multiple regression models, and categorical obesity status was predicted by using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: Overall, the HEI-05 had larger z score beta coefficients than did the HEI-90 (eg, in whites, -0.53 compared with -0.48 in baseline BMI, -0.54 compared with -0.47 in follow-up BMI, -1.67 compared with -1.56 in baseline WC, and -1.57 compared with -1.44 in follow-up WC). Among whites only, both HEIs were significant predictors of BMI and WC (all P < 0.001). The odds of being obese rather than normal weight were inversely related to HEI z scores primarily in whites (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The changes to the 2005 DGA, as reflected by HEI-05, appear to better predict obesity outcomes in this multi-ethnic population, primarily in whites. Additional research on ethnic-specific DGA adherence and its relation to health outcomes is needed.
Authors: Bo Qin; Patricia G Moorman; Linda E Kelemen; Anthony J Alberg; Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan; Melissa Bondy; Michele L Cote; Ellen Funkhouser; Edward S Peters; Ann G Schwartz; Paul Terry; Joellen M Schildkraut; Elisa V Bandera Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2017-06-15 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Amanda C McClain; Guadalupe X Ayala; Daniela Sotres-Alvarez; Anna Maria Siega-Riz; Robert C Kaplan; Marc D Gellman; Linda C Gallo; Linda Van Horn; Martha L Daviglus; Marisa J Perera; Josiemer Mattei Journal: J Nutr Date: 2018-03-01 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Dolores M Wolongevicz; Lei Zhu; Michael J Pencina; Ruth W Kimokoti; P K Newby; Ralph B D'Agostino; Barbara E Millen Journal: J Obes Date: 2010-01-05
Authors: Dolores M Wolongevicz; Lei Zhu; Michael J Pencina; Ruth W Kimokoti; P K Newby; Ralph B D'Agostino; Barbara E Millen Journal: Br J Nutr Date: 2009-11-24 Impact factor: 3.718