[Multidrug resistance in fungi].

Antibiotic and synthetic chemotherapeutic resistance in pathogenic yeast becomes one of the biggest challenges for the modern chemotherapy. An increasing number of pathogenic yeast and filamentous fungi resistant to the action of the majority of currently used drugs is isolated in clinics nowadays. Among variety of the resistance mechanisms, the most dangerous grows to be the multidrug resistance. The most important mechanism of the multidrug resistance is the overexpression of membrane proteins participating in the active efflux of drugs out of the cells subjected to chemotherapy. Representatives of two classes of multidrug efflux transporters, ABC and MFS, have been identified in fungi. One of the most important strategies for overcome the phenomenon of multidrug resistance in pathogenic fungi, is the use of chemical compounds co-administrated with chemotherapeutics which are able to restore drug susceptibility in multidrug resistant cells. Mode of action of these chemical compounds may be very diverse, from the substrate competition, through the influence on the membrane fluidity, to the multidrug transporters activity modulation. This paper presents a review of the current knowledge on proteins contributing to fungal multidrug resistance and strategies for overcoming multidrug resistance by pharmacological intervention.