UNLABELLED: In the adult, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced by the actions of numerous transporters and enzymes creating ion gradients that drive the entry of water into the ventricles via the aquaporin-1 water channels (AQP1). It is not known when in development CSF secretion starts but, in the rat, it has been postulated to occur around the time of birth. However, recent evidence suggests that the secretion may start much earlier, as soon as the lateral choroid plexuses first appear (around E14). PURPOSE: To investigate the developmental profiles of two major enzymes responsible for CSF secretion in the adult, Na, K-ATPase (NKA) and carbonic anhydrase II (CAII). METHODS: The developmental profiles of both enzymes were investigated using immunohistochemistry and Western Blot analysis in tissue from embryonic day (E) 15, 18, postnatal day (P) 0, 9 and adult rats. RESULT: Western Blot analysis showed low levels of NKA at E15 followed by a progressive increase with age. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of NKA on the apical membrane of the lateral ventricular choroid plexus epithelium from E15 onwards. Western Blot analysis of CAII was complicated by its presence in blood, but the amount of protein increased with age. Immunohistochemically, CAII appeared in the lateral ventricular choroid plexus between P0 and P9. CONCLUSIONS: The low levels of NKA and CAII during early choroid plexus development indicate that other mechanisms, such as the previously described specific protein transfer across epithelial cells, may be involved in early CSF secretion and movement of water into the cerebral ventricles.
UNLABELLED: In the adult, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced by the actions of numerous transporters and enzymes creating ion gradients that drive the entry of water into the ventricles via the aquaporin-1 water channels (AQP1). It is not known when in development CSF secretion starts but, in the rat, it has been postulated to occur around the time of birth. However, recent evidence suggests that the secretion may start much earlier, as soon as the lateral choroid plexuses first appear (around E14). PURPOSE: To investigate the developmental profiles of two major enzymes responsible for CSF secretion in the adult, Na, K-ATPase (NKA) and carbonic anhydrase II (CAII). METHODS: The developmental profiles of both enzymes were investigated using immunohistochemistry and Western Blot analysis in tissue from embryonic day (E) 15, 18, postnatal day (P) 0, 9 and adult rats. RESULT: Western Blot analysis showed low levels of NKA at E15 followed by a progressive increase with age. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of NKA on the apical membrane of the lateral ventricular choroid plexus epithelium from E15 onwards. Western Blot analysis of CAII was complicated by its presence in blood, but the amount of protein increased with age. Immunohistochemically, CAII appeared in the lateral ventricular choroid plexus between P0 and P9. CONCLUSIONS: The low levels of NKA and CAII during early choroid plexus development indicate that other mechanisms, such as the previously described specific protein transfer across epithelial cells, may be involved in early CSF secretion and movement of water into the cerebral ventricles.
Authors: P A Johansson; K M Dziegielewska; C J Ek; M D Habgood; S A Liddelow; A M Potter; H B Stolp; N R Saunders Journal: Eur J Neurosci Date: 2006-06-26 Impact factor: 3.386
Authors: Shene Yi-Shiuan Chiou; Kai Kysenius; Yifan Huang; Mark David Habgood; Liam M Koehn; Fiona Qiu; Peter J Crouch; Swati Varshney; Katherine Ganio; Katarzyna Magdalena Dziegielewska; Norman Ruthven Saunders Journal: Fluids Barriers CNS Date: 2021-12-07
Authors: Ibrahim González-Marrero; Leandro Castañeyra-Ruiz; Juan M González-Toledo; Agustín Castañeyra-Ruiz; Hector de Paz-Carmona; Rafael Castro; Juan R Hernandez-Fernaud; Agustín Castañeyra-Perdomo; Emilia M Carmona-Calero Journal: Int J Hypertens Date: 2013-01-21 Impact factor: 2.420
Authors: Shane A Liddelow; Katarzyna M Dziegielewska; C Joakim Ek; Mark D Habgood; Hannelore Bauer; Hans-Christian Bauer; Helen Lindsay; Matthew J Wakefield; Nathalie Strazielle; Ingrid Kratzer; Kjeld Møllgård; Jean-François Ghersi-Egea; Norman R Saunders Journal: PLoS One Date: 2013-07-02 Impact factor: 3.240