*, **, and ***; statistical nonsense at the .00000 level.

Researchers who report statistical significance with *, **, ***, or p values are confusing statistical significance with clinical significance and are wasting time, money, and energy with studies that are either too precise, or more likely too imprecise. Therefore, researchers who value their time, money, and energy should avoid this outmoded statistical procedure, and present alpha to engage in the power calculation.