BACKGROUND: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a potentially treatable dementia and gait disorder with abnormal CSF dynamics. OBJECTIVE: To investigate and characterize the changes in motor symptoms and CT and MRI features of iNPH before and after a shunt operation using specific evaluation criteria. METHODS: We studied 17 definitive iNPH patients, diagnosed according to the clinical guidelines of both the Japanese Society of NPH and the International NPH Consultant Group, with ventricular enlargement (Evan's index > 0.3) and narrowed CSF spaces at the high convexity on CT scan and /or MRI. The pre- and post-operative evaluation criteria for the gait and motor disturbances included the Japanese NPH Grading Scale-Revised (JNPHGSR), the Timed "Up and Go" test and the motor sections of the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale. For cognitive impairments, the JNPHGSR, Mini Mental State Examination, Frontal Assessment Battery and Trail Making Test were used. White matter lesions were rated from the CT and/or MRI using a validated visual rating scale. RESULTS: All patients showed specific CT and MRI findings, consisting of diffusely-dilated Sylvian fissure, as well as narrowed CSF space at the high convexity. Fifteen patients (88%) showed white matter lesions on their CT or MRI images. These signs were ameliorated in all patients after the shunt operation. Evan's index and the mean total scores on the visual scale for white matter lesions also improved significantly. Clinically, the patients had frequent parkinsonism (71%), but relatively few had a history of either small-vessel diseases (29%), hypertension (41%) or diabetes (35%). All patients showed gait disturbances, and these symptoms, including postural instability and body bradykinesia, improved significantly after the operation. Over half also showed signs of cognitive impairment and urinary incontinence, and all such symptoms and signs improved significantly. CONCLUSION: iNPH often appears as a shunt-responsive type of parkinsonism and reversible white matter lesions among the geriatric population.
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a potentially treatable dementia and gait disorder with abnormal CSF dynamics. OBJECTIVE: To investigate and characterize the changes in motor symptoms and CT and MRI features of iNPH before and after a shunt operation using specific evaluation criteria. METHODS: We studied 17 definitive iNPH patients, diagnosed according to the clinical guidelines of both the Japanese Society of NPH and the International NPH Consultant Group, with ventricular enlargement (Evan's index > 0.3) and narrowed CSF spaces at the high convexity on CT scan and /or MRI. The pre- and post-operative evaluation criteria for the gait and motor disturbances included the Japanese NPH Grading Scale-Revised (JNPHGSR), the Timed "Up and Go" test and the motor sections of the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale. For cognitive impairments, the JNPHGSR, Mini Mental State Examination, Frontal Assessment Battery and Trail Making Test were used. White matter lesions were rated from the CT and/or MRI using a validated visual rating scale. RESULTS: All patients showed specific CT and MRI findings, consisting of diffusely-dilated Sylvian fissure, as well as narrowed CSF space at the high convexity. Fifteen patients (88%) showed white matter lesions on their CT or MRI images. These signs were ameliorated in all patients after the shunt operation. Evan's index and the mean total scores on the visual scale for white matter lesions also improved significantly. Clinically, the patients had frequent parkinsonism (71%), but relatively few had a history of either small-vessel diseases (29%), hypertension (41%) or diabetes (35%). All patients showed gait disturbances, and these symptoms, including postural instability and body bradykinesia, improved significantly after the operation. Over half also showed signs of cognitive impairment and urinary incontinence, and all such symptoms and signs improved significantly. CONCLUSION: iNPH often appears as a shunt-responsive type of parkinsonism and reversible white matter lesions among the geriatric population.
Authors: María del Mar Matarín; Roser Pueyo; María Antonia Poca; Carles Falcón; María Mataró; Núria Bargalló; Juan Sahuquillo; Carme Junqué Journal: J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry Date: 2007-02-13 Impact factor: 10.154
Authors: Oliver C Singer; Julia Melber; Elke Hattingen; Alina Jurcoane; Fee Keil; Tobias Neumann-Haefelin; Johannes C Klein Journal: J Neurol Date: 2012-05-17 Impact factor: 4.849
Authors: Giovanni Mostile; Giacomo Portaro; Francesco Certo; Antonina Luca; Roberta Manna; Roberta Terranova; Roberto Altieri; Alessandra Nicoletti; Giuseppe Maria Vincenzo Barbagallo; Mario Zappia Journal: J Neurol Date: 2020-10-19 Impact factor: 4.849