Andreas Mueller1, Louis Gooren. 1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erlangen University Hospital, Universitaetsstr. 21-23, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of development of hormone-related tumors in transsexuals receiving treatment with cross-sex hormones. Design Description of cases of transsexuals who have developed a hormone-related malignancy observed in their own clinic or reported in the literature. Recommendations for early diagnosis and prevention are presented. METHODS: Review of the literature in PubMed. RESULTS: In male-to-female transsexuals receiving estrogen administration, lactotroph adenomas, breast cancer, and prostate cancer have been reported. In female-to-male transsexuals receiving treatment with testosterone, a single case of breast carcinoma and several cases of ovarian cancer have been reported. So far endometrial cancer has not been encountered though it remains a potential malignant development. CONCLUSIONS: There are so far only a few cases of hormone-related cancer in transsexuals. There may be an underreporting. The probability of a hormone-related tumor increases with the duration of exposure to cross-sex hormones and the aging of the population of transsexuals.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of development of hormone-related tumors in transsexuals receiving treatment with cross-sex hormones. Design Description of cases of transsexuals who have developed a hormone-related malignancy observed in their own clinic or reported in the literature. Recommendations for early diagnosis and prevention are presented. METHODS: Review of the literature in PubMed. RESULTS: In male-to-female transsexuals receiving estrogen administration, lactotroph adenomas, breast cancer, and prostate cancer have been reported. In female-to-male transsexuals receiving treatment with testosterone, a single case of breast carcinoma and several cases of ovarian cancer have been reported. So far endometrial cancer has not been encountered though it remains a potential malignant development. CONCLUSIONS: There are so far only a few cases of hormone-related cancer in transsexuals. There may be an underreporting. The probability of a hormone-related tumor increases with the duration of exposure to cross-sex hormones and the aging of the population of transsexuals.
Authors: A Godano; M Maggi; E Jannini; M C Meriggiola; E Ghigo; O Todarello; A Lenzi; C Manieri Journal: J Endocrinol Invest Date: 2009-11 Impact factor: 4.256