BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency may be involved in the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease in humans. METHODS: We assessed prospectively whether plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations are associated with risk of coronary heart disease. A nested case-control study was conducted in 18,225 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study; the men were aged 40 to 75 years and were free of diagnosed cardiovascular disease at blood collection. The blood samples were returned between April 1, 1993, and November 30, 1999; 99% were received between April 1, 1993, and November 30, 1995. During 10 years of follow-up, 454 men developed nonfatal myocardial infarction or fatal coronary heart disease. Using risk set sampling, controls (n = 900) were selected in a 2:1 ratio and matched for age, date of blood collection, and smoking status. RESULTS: After adjustment for matched variables, men deficient in 25(OH)D (<or=15 ng/mL [to convert to nanomoles per liter, multiply by 2.496]) were at increased risk for MI compared with those considered to be sufficient in 25(OH)D (>or=30 ng/mL) (relative risk [RR], 2.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53-3.84; P < .001 for trend). After additional adjustment for family history of myocardial infarction, body mass index, alcohol consumption, physical activity, history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, ethnicity, region, marine omega-3 intake, low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and triglyceride levels, this relationship remained significant (RR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.24-3.54; P = .02 for trend). Even men with intermediate 25(OH)D levels were at elevated risk relative to those with sufficient 25(OH)D levels (22.6-29.9 ng/mL: RR, 1.60 [95% CI, 1.10-2.32]; and 15.0-22.5 ng/mL: RR, 1.43 [95% CI, 0.96-2.13], respectively). CONCLUSION: Low levels of 25(OH)D are associated with higher risk of myocardial infarction in a graded manner, even after controlling for factors known to be associated with coronary artery disease.
BACKGROUND:Vitamin D deficiency may be involved in the development of atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease in humans. METHODS: We assessed prospectively whether plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations are associated with risk of coronary heart disease. A nested case-control study was conducted in 18,225 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study; the men were aged 40 to 75 years and were free of diagnosed cardiovascular disease at blood collection. The blood samples were returned between April 1, 1993, and November 30, 1999; 99% were received between April 1, 1993, and November 30, 1995. During 10 years of follow-up, 454 men developed nonfatal myocardial infarction or fatal coronary heart disease. Using risk set sampling, controls (n = 900) were selected in a 2:1 ratio and matched for age, date of blood collection, and smoking status. RESULTS: After adjustment for matched variables, men deficient in 25(OH)D (<or=15 ng/mL [to convert to nanomoles per liter, multiply by 2.496]) were at increased risk for MI compared with those considered to be sufficient in 25(OH)D (>or=30 ng/mL) (relative risk [RR], 2.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.53-3.84; P < .001 for trend). After additional adjustment for family history of myocardial infarction, body mass index, alcohol consumption, physical activity, history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, ethnicity, region, marine omega-3 intake, low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and triglyceride levels, this relationship remained significant (RR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.24-3.54; P = .02 for trend). Even men with intermediate 25(OH)D levels were at elevated risk relative to those with sufficient 25(OH)D levels (22.6-29.9 ng/mL: RR, 1.60 [95% CI, 1.10-2.32]; and 15.0-22.5 ng/mL: RR, 1.43 [95% CI, 0.96-2.13], respectively). CONCLUSION: Low levels of 25(OH)D are associated with higher risk of myocardial infarction in a graded manner, even after controlling for factors known to be associated with coronary artery disease.
Authors: Thomas A Reichert; Lone Simonsen; Ashutosh Sharma; Scott A Pardo; David S Fedson; Mark A Miller Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2004-09-01 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Yan Chun Li; Guilin Qiao; Milan Uskokovic; Wei Xiang; Wei Zheng; Juan Kong Journal: J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol Date: 2004-05 Impact factor: 4.292
Authors: Joan M Lappe; Dianne Travers-Gustafson; K Michael Davies; Robert R Recker; Robert P Heaney Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2007-06 Impact factor: 7.045
Authors: Bryan Kestenbaum; Ronit Katz; Ian de Boer; Andy Hoofnagle; Mark J Sarnak; Michael G Shlipak; Nancy S Jenny; David S Siscovick Journal: J Am Coll Cardiol Date: 2011-09-27 Impact factor: 24.094
Authors: Ian H de Boer; Ronit Katz; Michel Chonchol; Joachim H Ix; Mark J Sarnak; Michael G Shlipak; David S Siscovick; Bryan Kestenbaum Journal: Clin J Am Soc Nephrol Date: 2011-08-11 Impact factor: 8.237
Authors: Marcella D Walker; Elaine Cong; Anna Kepley; Marco R Di Tullio; Tatjana Rundek; Shunichi Homma; James A Lee; Rui Liu; Polly Young; Chiyuan Zhang; Donald J McMahon; Shonni J Silverberg Journal: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Date: 2013-11-27 Impact factor: 5.958
Authors: Chris Morgan; Andreas Kyvernitakis; Roy Cho; Orestis Pappas; Karthikeyan Ranganathan; Michael R Fischer; Venkatraman Srinivasan Journal: Am J Cardiovasc Dis Date: 2018-04-05
Authors: Mariam Aziz; Britt Livak; Jane Burke-Miller; Audrey L French; Marshall J Glesby; Anjali Sharma; Mary Young; Maria C Villacres; Phyllis C Tien; Elizabeth T Golub; Mardge H Cohen; Oluwatoyin M Adeyemi Journal: AIDS Date: 2013-02-20 Impact factor: 4.177