BACKGROUND: The clinical epidemiology of acute renal failure (ARF) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients remains poorly defined. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who developed ARF while attending King's College Hospital (London, United Kingdom) during January 1998-December 2005. Serum creatinine level and estimated glomerular filtration rate were used to identify ARF. ARF episodes were classified as early onset if they occurred <3 months after initiation of HIV care and as late onset if they occurred > or =3 months after initiation of HIV care. RESULTS: During the study period, 130 (5.7%) of 2274 patients developed 144 episodes of ARF. The incidences of early-onset and late-onset ARF were 19.3 episodes per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 15.4-24.1 episodes per 100 person-years) and 1.1 episodes per 100 person-years (95% CI, 0.83-1.49 episodes per 100 person-years), respectively (rate ratio, 17.4; P<0.001). In multivariate analysis, nadir CD4 T cell count <100 x 10(9) cells/L (odds ratio [OR], 6.7; 95% CI, 2.5-18.3) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (OR, 6.7; 95% CI, 3.4-13.3) were associated with early-onset ARF, whereas injection drug use (OR, 4.8; 95% CI, 1.3-17.7), hepatitis C virus coinfection (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.3-8.6), and nadir CD4 T cell count <100 x 10(9) cells/L (OR, 5.8; 95% CI, 2.5-13.4) were associated with late-onset ARF. CONCLUSIONS: ARF was common and was associated with advanced immunodeficiency. The incidence of ARF decreased >10-fold in patients who had received HIV care for > or =3 months.
BACKGROUND: The clinical epidemiology of acute renal failure (ARF) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infectedpatients remains poorly defined. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients who developed ARF while attending King's College Hospital (London, United Kingdom) during January 1998-December 2005. Serum creatinine level and estimated glomerular filtration rate were used to identify ARF. ARF episodes were classified as early onset if they occurred <3 months after initiation of HIV care and as late onset if they occurred > or =3 months after initiation of HIV care. RESULTS: During the study period, 130 (5.7%) of 2274 patients developed 144 episodes of ARF. The incidences of early-onset and late-onset ARF were 19.3 episodes per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI], 15.4-24.1 episodes per 100 person-years) and 1.1 episodes per 100 person-years (95% CI, 0.83-1.49 episodes per 100 person-years), respectively (rate ratio, 17.4; P<0.001). In multivariate analysis, nadir CD4 T cell count <100 x 10(9) cells/L (odds ratio [OR], 6.7; 95% CI, 2.5-18.3) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (OR, 6.7; 95% CI, 3.4-13.3) were associated with early-onset ARF, whereas injection drug use (OR, 4.8; 95% CI, 1.3-17.7), hepatitis C virus coinfection (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.3-8.6), and nadir CD4 T cell count <100 x 10(9) cells/L (OR, 5.8; 95% CI, 2.5-13.4) were associated with late-onset ARF. CONCLUSIONS:ARF was common and was associated with advanced immunodeficiency. The incidence of ARF decreased >10-fold in patients who had received HIV care for > or =3 months.
Authors: Girish N Nadkarni; Achint A Patel; Rabi Yacoub; Alexandre M Benjo; Ioannis Konstantinidis; Narender Annapureddy; Shiv Kumar Agarwal; Priya K Simoes; Sunil Kamat; Madhav C Menon; Christina M Wyatt Journal: AIDS Date: 2015-06-01 Impact factor: 4.177
Authors: Sanjeev Gumber; Cynthia L Courtney; Karen R Strait; Prachi Sharma; Julie E Freebersyser; Maria M Crane Journal: Exp Toxicol Pathol Date: 2013-06-02
Authors: Cara Franey; Deborah Knott; Till Barnighausen; Martin Dedicoat; Ahmed Adam; Richard J Lessells; Marie-Louise Newell; Graham S Cooke Journal: BMC Infect Dis Date: 2009-08-28 Impact factor: 3.090