OBJECTIVE: To develop an algorithm on the basis of data obtained with a reliable, standardized neurological examination and report the prevalence of cerebral palsy (CP) subtypes (diparesis, hemiparesis, and quadriparesis) in a cohort of 2-year-old children born before 28 weeks gestation. STUDY DESIGN: We compared children with CP subtypes on extent of handicap and frequency of microcephaly, cognitive impairment, and screening positive for autism. RESULTS: Of the 1056 children examined, 11.4% (120) were given an algorithm-based classification of CP. Of these children, 31% had diparesis, 17% had hemiparesis, and 52% had quadriparesis. Children with quadriparesis were 9 times more likely than children with diparesis (76% versus 8%) to be more highly impaired and 5 times more likely than children with diparesis to be microcephalic (43% versus 8%). They were more than twice as likely as children with diparesis to have a score <70 on the mental scale of the BSID-II (75% versus 34%) and had the highest rate of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers positivity (76%) compared with children with diparesis (30%) and children without CP (18%). CONCLUSION: We developed an algorithm that classifies CP subtypes, which should permit comparison among studies. Extent of gross motor dysfunction and rates of co-morbidities are highest in children with quadriparesis and lowest in children with diparesis.
OBJECTIVE: To develop an algorithm on the basis of data obtained with a reliable, standardized neurological examination and report the prevalence of cerebral palsy (CP) subtypes (diparesis, hemiparesis, and quadriparesis) in a cohort of 2-year-old children born before 28 weeks gestation. STUDY DESIGN: We compared children with CP subtypes on extent of handicap and frequency of microcephaly, cognitive impairment, and screening positive for autism. RESULTS: Of the 1056 children examined, 11.4% (120) were given an algorithm-based classification of CP. Of these children, 31% had diparesis, 17% had hemiparesis, and 52% had quadriparesis. Children with quadriparesis were 9 times more likely than children with diparesis (76% versus 8%) to be more highly impaired and 5 times more likely than children with diparesis to be microcephalic (43% versus 8%). They were more than twice as likely as children with diparesis to have a score <70 on the mental scale of the BSID-II (75% versus 34%) and had the highest rate of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers positivity (76%) compared with children with diparesis (30%) and children without CP (18%). CONCLUSION: We developed an algorithm that classifies CP subtypes, which should permit comparison among studies. Extent of gross motor dysfunction and rates of co-morbidities are highest in children with quadriparesis and lowest in children with diparesis.
Authors: Karl C K Kuban; Michael O'Shea; Elizabeth Allred; Alan Leviton; Herbert Gilmore; Adré DuPlessis; Kalpathy Krishnamoorthy; Cecil Hahn; Janet Soul; Sunila E O'Connor; Karen Miller; Paige T Church; Cecilia Keller; Richard Bream; Robin Adair; Alice Miller; Elaine Romano; Haim Bassan; Kathy Kerkering; Steve Engelke; Diane Marshall; Kristy Milowic; Janice Wereszczak; Carol Hubbard; Lisa Washburn; Robert Dillard; Cherrie Heller; Wendy Burdo-Hartman; Lynn Fagerman; Dinah Sutton; Padu Karna; Nick Olomu; Leslie Caldarelli; Melisa Oca; Kim Lohr; Albert Scheiner Journal: J Child Neurol Date: 2005-10 Impact factor: 1.987
Authors: Peter L Rosenbaum; Stephen D Walter; Steven E Hanna; Robert J Palisano; Dianne J Russell; Parminder Raina; Ellen Wood; Doreen J Bartlett; Barbara E Galuppi Journal: JAMA Date: 2002-09-18 Impact factor: 56.272
Authors: Martin Bax; Murray Goldstein; Peter Rosenbaum; Alan Leviton; Nigel Paneth; Bernard Dan; Bo Jacobsson; Diane Damiano Journal: Dev Med Child Neurol Date: 2005-08 Impact factor: 5.449
Authors: Lisa K Washburn; Robert G Dillard; Donald J Goldstein; Kurt L Klinepeter; Raye-Ann deRegnier; Thomas Michael O'Shea Journal: BMC Pediatr Date: 2007-05-03 Impact factor: 2.125
Authors: Rachel G Hirschberger; Karl C K Kuban; Thomas M O'Shea; Robert M Joseph; Tim Heeren; Laurie M Douglass; Carl E Stafstrom; Hernan Jara; Jean A Frazier; Deborah Hirtz; Julie V Rollins; Nigel Paneth Journal: Pediatr Neurol Date: 2017-11-13 Impact factor: 3.372
Authors: Sandra E Juul; Bryan A Comstock; Patrick J Heagerty; Dennis E Mayock; Amy M Goodman; Stephanie Hauge; Fernando Gonzalez; Yvonne W Wu Journal: Neonatology Date: 2018-03-07 Impact factor: 4.035
Authors: Laurie M Douglass; Timothy C Heeren; Carl E Stafstrom; William DeBassio; Elizabeth N Allred; Alan Leviton; T Michael O'Shea; Deborah Hirtz; Julie Rollins; Karl Kuban Journal: Pediatr Neurol Date: 2017-05-18 Impact factor: 3.372
Authors: Mandy B Belfort; Karl C K Kuban; T Michael O'Shea; Elizabeth N Allred; Richard A Ehrenkranz; Stephen C Engelke; Alan Leviton Journal: J Pediatr Date: 2015-10-21 Impact factor: 4.406
Authors: Camilia R Martin; Olaf Dammann; Elizabeth N Allred; Sonal Patel; T Michael O'Shea; Karl C K Kuban; Alan Leviton Journal: J Pediatr Date: 2010-07-02 Impact factor: 4.406
Authors: Thomas F McElrath; Elizabeth N Allred; Kim A Boggess; Karl Kuban; T Michael O'Shea; Nigel Paneth; Alan Leviton Journal: Am J Epidemiol Date: 2009-08-27 Impact factor: 4.897
Authors: Alan Leviton; Elizabeth N Allred; Raina N Fichorova; Karl C K Kuban; T Michael O'Shea; Olaf Dammann Journal: Early Hum Dev Date: 2015-12-28 Impact factor: 2.079