BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy of single versus multiple doses of plant sterols on circulating lipid level and cholesterol trafficking. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: A randomized, placebo-controlled, three-phase (6 days/phase) crossover, supervised feeding trial was conducted in 19 subjects. Subjects were provided (i) control margarine with each meal; (ii) 1.8 g/day plant sterols in margarine with breakfast (single-BF) and control margarine with lunch and supper or (iii) 1.8 g/day plant sterols in margarine divided equally at each of the three daily meals (three times per day). RESULTS: Relative to control, end point plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations were lower (P<0.05) after consuming plant sterols three times per day but were not different when consumed once per day (3.43+/-0.62, 3.22+/-0.58 and 3.30+/-0.65 mmol/l, control, three times per day and single-BF, respectively). Relative to the control, end point LDL level was 0.21+/-0.27 mmol/l (6%) lower (P<0.05) at the end of the three times per day phase. Cholesterol fractional synthesis rate was highest (P<0.05) after the three times per day phase (0.0827+/-0.0278, 0.0834+/-0.0245 and 0.0913+/-0.0221 pool/day, control, single-BF and three times per day, respectively). Cholesterol-absorption efficiency decreased (P<0.05) by 36 and 39% after the three times per day and single-BF phase, respectively, relative to control. CONCLUSIONS: Present data indicate that to obtain optimal cholesterol-lowering impact, plant sterols should be consumed as smaller doses given more often, rather than one large dose.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND/ OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy of single versus multiple doses of plant sterols on circulating lipid level and cholesterol trafficking. SUBJECTS/ METHODS: A randomized, placebo-controlled, three-phase (6 days/phase) crossover, supervised feeding trial was conducted in 19 subjects. Subjects were provided (i) control margarine with each meal; (ii) 1.8 g/day plant sterols in margarine with breakfast (single-BF) and control margarine with lunch and supper or (iii) 1.8 g/day plant sterols in margarine divided equally at each of the three daily meals (three times per day). RESULTS: Relative to control, end point plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations were lower (P<0.05) after consuming plant sterols three times per day but were not different when consumed once per day (3.43+/-0.62, 3.22+/-0.58 and 3.30+/-0.65 mmol/l, control, three times per day and single-BF, respectively). Relative to the control, end point LDL level was 0.21+/-0.27 mmol/l (6%) lower (P<0.05) at the end of the three times per day phase. Cholesterol fractional synthesis rate was highest (P<0.05) after the three times per day phase (0.0827+/-0.0278, 0.0834+/-0.0245 and 0.0913+/-0.0221 pool/day, control, single-BF and three times per day, respectively). Cholesterol-absorption efficiency decreased (P<0.05) by 36 and 39% after the three times per day and single-BF phase, respectively, relative to control. CONCLUSIONS: Present data indicate that to obtain optimal cholesterol-lowering impact, plant sterols should be consumed as smaller doses given more often, rather than one large dose.
Authors: Vanu R Ramprasath; David J A Jenkins; Benoit Lamarche; Cyril W C Kendall; Dorothea Faulkner; Luba Cermakova; Patrick Couture; Chris Ireland; Shahad Abdulnour; Darshna Patel; Balachandran Bashyam; Korbua Srichaikul; Russell J de Souza; Edward Vidgen; Robert G Josse; Lawrence A Leiter; Philip W Connelly; Jiri Frohlich; Peter J H Jones Journal: Nutr J Date: 2014-10-18 Impact factor: 3.271
Authors: Petra S Larmo; Antti J Kangas; Pasi Soininen; Henna-Maria Lehtonen; Jukka-Pekka Suomela; Baoru Yang; Jorma Viikari; Mika Ala-Korpela; Heikki P Kallio Journal: Am J Clin Nutr Date: 2013-08-14 Impact factor: 7.045