OBJECTIVE: To study whether prenatal smoking only relates to externalizing problems or whether it is associated with both internalizing and externalizing problems from childhood into late adolescence. METHOD: Child Behavior Checklist-derived, parent-reported internalizing and externalizing problems of 396 children were longitudinally assessed at ages 5, 10 to 11, and 18 years. The influence of self-reported prenatal smoking on the course of internalizing and externalizing problems over these ages was assessed, controlling for the co-occurrence of internalizing and externalizing problems and co-occurring pre- and perinatal risk factors, demographic characteristics, maternal mental health, and child social and attention problems. RESULTS: Children whose mothers had smoked during pregnancy had increased levels of both internalizing and externalizing problems over the period of ages 5 to 18 years when compared with children whose mothers did not smoke during pregnancy. These associations remained significant after controlling internalizing for externalizing and vice versa and possible confounding variables. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal smoking during pregnancy is a predictor of internalizing as well as externalizing psychopathology in offspring. The association between prenatal smoking and internalizing and externalizing problems persists throughout childhood and late adolescence.
OBJECTIVE: To study whether prenatal smoking only relates to externalizing problems or whether it is associated with both internalizing and externalizing problems from childhood into late adolescence. METHOD:Child Behavior Checklist-derived, parent-reported internalizing and externalizing problems of 396 children were longitudinally assessed at ages 5, 10 to 11, and 18 years. The influence of self-reported prenatal smoking on the course of internalizing and externalizing problems over these ages was assessed, controlling for the co-occurrence of internalizing and externalizing problems and co-occurring pre- and perinatal risk factors, demographic characteristics, maternal mental health, and child social and attention problems. RESULTS:Children whose mothers had smoked during pregnancy had increased levels of both internalizing and externalizing problems over the period of ages 5 to 18 years when compared with children whose mothers did not smoke during pregnancy. These associations remained significant after controlling internalizing for externalizing and vice versa and possible confounding variables. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal smoking during pregnancy is a predictor of internalizing as well as externalizing psychopathology in offspring. The association between prenatal smoking and internalizing and externalizing problems persists throughout childhood and late adolescence.
Authors: Stephanie A Godleski; Rina D Eiden; Pamela Schuetze; Craig R Colder; Marilyn A Huestis Journal: Neurotoxicol Teratol Date: 2016-08-03 Impact factor: 3.763
Authors: John V Lavigne; Joyce Hopkins; Karen R Gouze; Fred B Bryant; Susan A LeBailly; Helen J Binns; Paul M Lavigne Journal: J Pediatr Psychol Date: 2010-05-19
Authors: Kelly J Brunst; Patrick H Ryan; Mekibib Altaye; Kimberly Yolton; Thomas Maloney; Travis Beckwith; Grace LeMasters; Kim M Cecil Journal: Environ Res Date: 2019-05-11 Impact factor: 6.498