Fine-scale genetic mapping of two Pierce's disease resistance loci and a major segregation distortion region on chromosome 14 of grape.

A refined genetic map of chromosome 14, which contains the Pierce's disease (PD) resistance locus, was created from three grape mapping populations. The source of PD resistance in these populations was b43-17, a male form of Vitis arizonica Engelm. that is homozygous resistant. The resistance locus segregated as a single dominant gene and mapped as PdR1a in the F1 selection F8909-17 (9621 population) and as PdR1b in a sibling F1 selection F8909-08 (04190 population). These two full sibs inherited either allele of the Pierce's disease resistance locus from the b43-17 parent, which is homozygous at that locus. The 9621 population consisted of 425 progeny and PdR1a mapped between markers VvCh14-56/VvCh14-02 and UDV095 within a 0.6 cM genetic distance. The 04190 population consisted of 361 progeny and PdR1b mapped between markers VvCh14-02 and UDV095/VvCh14-10 within a 0.4 cM distance. Many of the markers present on chromosome 14 were distorted with an excess of female alleles in the 04190 and 04373 population (developed from a cross of V. vinifera L. F2-35 x b43-17) indicating that potential gametophytic factors are present in this region. Common markers from this region within the 9621 population were not distorted except Scu15. When these markers were compared to V. vinifera-based maps of chromosome 14 they were also distorted suggesting the involvement of gametophytic factors, and prompting the identification of this region as Vitis-segregation distortion region 1 (V-SDR1). The refined genetic maps developed from this study can be used to identify and clone genes that confer resistance to Pierce's disease.