Myocardial alpha 1-adrenoceptors mediate positive inotropic effect and changes in phosphatidylinositol metabolism. Species differences in receptor distribution and the intracellular coupling process in mammalian ventricular myocardium.

Species-dependent variations of myocardial alpha 1-adrenoceptor-mediated positive inotropic effects of epinephrine were assessed in relation to characteristics of alpha 1-receptor bindings and acceleration of phosphatidylinositol metabolism in the isolated rat, rabbit, and dog ventricular myocardium. Epinephrine in the presence of the beta-adrenoceptor antagonist bupranolol (10(-6) M) elicited a positive inotropic effect through activation of alpha 1-adrenoceptors in rat and rabbit, whereas in dog ventricular myocardium, bupranolol abolished the positive inotropic effect of epinephrine. [3H]Prazosin bound to membrane fractions derived from rat, rabbit, and dog ventricular muscle with high affinities in a saturable and reversible manner. In dog, Bmax and Kd values of alpha 1-adrenoceptor binding sites were identical to those in rabbit ventricular muscle. The Bmax value of alpha 1-adrenoceptors in rat ventricle was the highest, amounting to two to four times those in rabbit and dog. Epinephrine displacement curves for the specific binding of [3H]prazosin in the membrane fraction of these species showed high and low affinity sites with slope factors significantly less than unity, which were shifted to single low affinity sites with slope factors close to unity by addition of 5'-guanylylimidodiphosphate. Accumulation of [3H]inositol 1-phosphate [( 3H]IP1) in ventricular slices prelabeled with [3H]myo-inositol was increased by epinephrine in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in rat ventricular slices. [3H]IP1 accumulation likewise was facilitated by alpha 1-adrenoceptor stimulation in rabbit ventricular slices, whereas the extent of [3H]IP1 accumulation was much less than that in rat. In dog ventricular slices, [3H]IP1 was not accumulated by epinephrine. In rabbit papillary muscle, the time course of increase in contractile force induced by alpha-adrenoceptors coincided with the prolongation of the action potential duration with a similar time course, which is in strong contrast to previous findings in rat that the contractile response was dissociated from the electrophysiological response to alpha-adrenoceptor stimulation. The present results indicate that a wide range of variation of alpha 1-adrenoceptor-mediated regulation of myocardial contractility may be ascribed to different contributions of facilitatory as well as inhibitory regulatory processes that lead to intracellular Ca2+ mobilization subsequent to myocardial alpha 1-adrenoceptor activation among mammalian species.