Renal alpha 1-adrenergic receptor subtypes: MDCK-D1 cells, but not rat cortical membranes possess a single population of receptors.

Recent work has demonstrated that alpha 1-adrenergic receptors are composed of at least two subtypes, termed alpha 1a and alpha 1b. It has been proposed that these subtypes may be linked to distinct second messenger systems. In the current studies, we have compared the properties of alpha 1-adrenergic receptors in rat renal cortical membranes with those in MDCK-D1 cells, a clonal cell line derived from distal tubule/collecting duct. Competitive binding studies with [3H]prazosin and compounds [5-methylurapidil, (+)-niguldipine, WB4101, and oxymetazoline] that distinguish high affinity (alpha 1a) and low affinity (alpha 1b) sites indicated that rat renal cortical membranes contain about 50% of each class of site. In contrast, MDCK-D1 cells contained a single population of low affinity sites. 5-Methylurapidil, but not the other compounds, recognized binding sites in these cells with a substantially lower affinity than has been observed for the low affinity site in other tissues and in parallel studies with renal cortical membranes. [3H]Prazosin binding sites in these cells, as well as alpha 1-adrenergic receptor-mediated arachidonic acid release and phosphoinositide and phosphatidylcholine hydrolysis, were sensitive to inactivation by chloroethylclonidine (IC50 approximately 0.7 microM), as expected for alpha 1b receptors. However, alpha 1-adrenergic receptors of MDCK-D1 cells required extracellular calcium for biological response, unlike what has been hypothesized for the alpha 1b receptor subtype. These data indicate that the population of alpha 1-adrenergic receptors of distal tubule/collecting duct cells likely consists of receptors of the alpha 1b subtype. The low affinity binding of 5-methylurapidil and the requirement for extracellular calcium for biological response in these cells suggest that this receptor may not be identical to the alpha 1b receptor that has been observed in other systems.