Field observations to determine the influence of population size, location and individual factors on pedestrian walking speeds.

This study measures pedestrian walking speeds in New Zealand to estimate the influences on mean walking speeds as these concern urban planning and pedestrian facility design. Research was conducted using field observations of walking speeds under different conditions: gradient and urban/rural townships. The data show complex interrelationships between environment, personal characteristics of pedestrian and physical factors. Mean walking speeds between 80-95 m/min are observed. These results do not support the idea that walking speeds are indicative of pace of life. Rather, walking speeds are proposed as being an indicator of the environment's 'walkability', as a walking speed that closely reflects that of the mean population is a key indicator of the successful design of pedestrian facilities.