Brain abscess and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that can lead to serious central nervous system complications including hemorrhage, ischemia, and infection. Symptoms can be mild, making diagnosis problematic. Fifty-three prior cases of HHT and brain abscess are described, in addition to two new cases. The clinical manifestations and current methods for diagnosis and management of patients with HHT are reviewed. Early recognition of HHT is important because screening in these patients and affected family members may help prevent complications. In addition, advancements in imaging, surgical techniques, antibiotics, and genetic testing may improve outcomes.