BACKGROUND: Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is rare in childhood, but has a grave prognosis. The cause of disease in most cases is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of sarcomere protein gene mutations in children with idiopathic RCM. METHODS: Twelve patients (9 female, mean age 5.1 years) with idiopathic RCM referred between 1991 and August 2006 underwent detailed clinical and genetic evaluation. Nine had received cardiac transplants at the time of the study. The entire coding sequences of the genes encoding eight cardiac sarcomere proteins and desmin were screened for mutations. Familial evaluation was performed on first-degree relatives. RESULTS: Four patients (33%) had a family history of cardiomyopathy: RCM (n = 2); dilated cardiomyopathy (n = 1) and left ventricular non-compaction (n = 1). Sarcomere protein gene mutations were identified in four patients (33%): 2 in the cardiac troponin I gene (TNNI3) and 1 each in the troponin T (TNNT2) and alpha-cardiac actin (ACTC) genes. Two were de novo mutations and 3 were new mutations. All mutations occurred in functionally important and conserved regions of the genes. CONCLUSIONS: Sarcomere protein gene mutations are an important cause of idiopathic RCM in childhood. We describe the first mutation in ACTC in familial RCM. The identification of RCM in a child should prompt consideration of sarcomere protein disease as a possible cause and warrants clinical evaluation of the family.
BACKGROUND: Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is rare in childhood, but has a grave prognosis. The cause of disease in most cases is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of sarcomere protein gene mutations in children with idiopathic RCM. METHODS: Twelve patients (9 female, mean age 5.1 years) with idiopathic RCM referred between 1991 and August 2006 underwent detailed clinical and genetic evaluation. Nine had received cardiac transplants at the time of the study. The entire coding sequences of the genes encoding eight cardiac sarcomere proteins and desmin were screened for mutations. Familial evaluation was performed on first-degree relatives. RESULTS: Four patients (33%) had a family history of cardiomyopathy: RCM (n = 2); dilated cardiomyopathy (n = 1) and left ventricular non-compaction (n = 1). Sarcomere protein gene mutations were identified in four patients (33%): 2 in the cardiac troponin I gene (TNNI3) and 1 each in the troponin T (TNNT2) and alpha-cardiac actin (ACTC) genes. Two were de novo mutations and 3 were new mutations. All mutations occurred in functionally important and conserved regions of the genes. CONCLUSIONS: Sarcomere protein gene mutations are an important cause of idiopathic RCM in childhood. We describe the first mutation in ACTC in familial RCM. The identification of RCM in a child should prompt consideration of sarcomere protein disease as a possible cause and warrants clinical evaluation of the family.
Authors: E Otten; R H Lekanne Dit Deprez; M M Weiss; M van Slegtenhorst; M Joosten; J J van der Smagt; N de Jonge; W S Kerstjens-Frederikse; M T R Roofthooft; A H M M Balk; M P van den Berg; J S Ruiter; J P van Tintelen Journal: Neth Heart J Date: 2010-10 Impact factor: 2.380
Authors: Madhulika Achal; Adriana S Trujillo; Girish C Melkani; Gerrie P Farman; Karen Ocorr; Meera C Viswanathan; Gaurav Kaushik; Christopher S Newhard; Bernadette M Glasheen; Anju Melkani; Jennifer A Suggs; Jeffrey R Moore; Douglas M Swank; Rolf Bodmer; Anthony Cammarato; Sanford I Bernstein Journal: J Mol Biol Date: 2016-04-20 Impact factor: 5.469
Authors: Nathan R Tucker; Micheal A McLellan; Dongjian Hu; Jiangchuan Ye; Victoria A Parsons; Robert W Mills; Sebastian Clauss; Elena Dolmatova; Marisa A Shea; David J Milan; Nandita S Scott; Mark Lindsay; Steven A Lubitz; Ibrahim J Domian; James R Stone; Honghuang Lin; Patrick T Ellinor Journal: Circ Cardiovasc Genet Date: 2017-12