A Ram Jeong1, Shin Nakamura, Fusako Mitsunaga. 1. Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To date comparative knowledge concerning gene expression profiles of T-helper 1(Th1)/Th2 cytokines and their receptors between human and non-human primates is scarce. METHODS: We assessed the gene expression level of both Th1 [interleukin-4(IL-4)] and Th2 [IL-12, interferon-gamma(IFN-gamma)] cytokines and the receptors (IL-4Ralpha, IFN-gammaR1, IFN-gammaR2) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from humans, chimpanzee, baboon, and macaque by a quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). RESULTS: The expression level of the IFN-gamma gene was markedly lower in humans than that in non-human primates. The IL-4 gene expression was significantly higher, whereas that of IL-12 was distinctly lower, in human/chimpanzee than in baboon/macaque. The IFN-gammaR2 gene expression was especially higher in the macaque than in the other three primates. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate distinct gene expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines and their receptors in primates. These also suggest characteristic differences in Th1/Th2 immune responses affecting host defense and/or disease susceptibility among these primates.
BACKGROUND: To date comparative knowledge concerning gene expression profiles of T-helper 1(Th1)/Th2 cytokines and their receptors between human and non-human primates is scarce. METHODS: We assessed the gene expression level of both Th1 [interleukin-4(IL-4)] and Th2 [IL-12, interferon-gamma(IFN-gamma)] cytokines and the receptors (IL-4Ralpha, IFN-gammaR1, IFN-gammaR2) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from humans, chimpanzee, baboon, and macaque by a quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). RESULTS: The expression level of the IFN-gamma gene was markedly lower in humans than that in non-human primates. The IL-4 gene expression was significantly higher, whereas that of IL-12 was distinctly lower, in human/chimpanzee than in baboon/macaque. The IFN-gammaR2 gene expression was especially higher in the macaque than in the other three primates. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate distinct gene expression of Th1/Th2 cytokines and their receptors in primates. These also suggest characteristic differences in Th1/Th2 immune responses affecting host defense and/or disease susceptibility among these primates.
Authors: Olivier Fedrigo; Lisa R Warner; Adam D Pfefferle; Courtney C Babbitt; Peter Cruz-Gordillo; Gregory A Wray Journal: PLoS One Date: 2010-09-02 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Louise Saul; Debra H Josephs; Keith Cutler; Andrew Bradwell; Panagiotis Karagiannis; Chris Selkirk; Hannah J Gould; Paul Jones; James F Spicer; Sophia N Karagiannis Journal: MAbs Date: 2014-01-14 Impact factor: 5.857