OBJECTIVE: To characterize problems with prevention and management of pediatric tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection (LTBI). DESIGN: A multisite, cross-sectional study using data from medical records and public health logs to categorize and define use of routine prevention practices in managing pediatric TB and LTBI. SETTING: Four areas of the United States. PARTICIPANTS: Children younger than 5 years diagnosed with TB from January 1, 2002, through December 31, 2004, and children with LTBI reported during a continuous 12-month period in 2003 to 2004. Main Exposure Mycobacterium tuberculosis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Underuse or nonuse of standard medical and public health interventions. RESULTS: Almost 40% of children had a TB risk factor related to their country of birth, parental origin, or travel to a country with a high incidence of TB. Children having LTBI were less likely than those having TB to complete treatment (53.7% vs 88.6%, respectively). Almost half (46.3%) of the children with TB came to medical attention late in their course when they already had symptoms. Among 63 adult source patients, 19 (30.2%) previously had LTBI but were not treated, and none of the 40 foreign-born source patients were known to have been evaluated for TB before entry into the United States. CONCLUSIONS: Prevention efforts are unsatisfactory to prevent TB in children. Effective interventions such as treatment of LTBI and TB evaluation of adult immigrants remain less than optimal.
OBJECTIVE: To characterize problems with prevention and management of pediatric tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection (LTBI). DESIGN: A multisite, cross-sectional study using data from medical records and public health logs to categorize and define use of routine prevention practices in managing pediatric TB and LTBI. SETTING: Four areas of the United States. PARTICIPANTS: Children younger than 5 years diagnosed with TB from January 1, 2002, through December 31, 2004, and children with LTBI reported during a continuous 12-month period in 2003 to 2004. Main Exposure Mycobacterium tuberculosis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Underuse or nonuse of standard medical and public health interventions. RESULTS: Almost 40% of children had a TB risk factor related to their country of birth, parental origin, or travel to a country with a high incidence of TB. Children having LTBI were less likely than those having TB to complete treatment (53.7% vs 88.6%, respectively). Almost half (46.3%) of the children with TB came to medical attention late in their course when they already had symptoms. Among 63 adult source patients, 19 (30.2%) previously had LTBI but were not treated, and none of the 40 foreign-born source patients were known to have been evaluated for TB before entry into the United States. CONCLUSIONS: Prevention efforts are unsatisfactory to prevent TB in children. Effective interventions such as treatment of LTBI and TB evaluation of adult immigrants remain less than optimal.
Authors: Anne Cass; Tambi Shaw; Melissa Ehman; Jan Young; Jennifer Flood; Sarah Royce Journal: Public Health Rep Date: 2013 Sep-Oct Impact factor: 2.792
Authors: Anjeli Mase; Stephen Ryan; Greg Mader; Ana Alvarez; Lisa Armitige; Lisa Chen; George McSherry; John Wilson; Sundari Mase; Ritu Banerjee Journal: J Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis Date: 2018-04-11
Authors: Rajeev R Pathak; Bal Krishna Mishra; Patrick K Moonan; Sreenivas A Nair; Ajay M V Kumar; Mohit P Gandhi; Shamim Mannan; Smita Ghosh Journal: J Tuberc Res Date: 2016-03-30