The use of blood products in perinatal medicine.

Fetal and neonatal medicine is a field with many new procedures and techniques. An increasing number of centres worldwide give intrauterine transfusions, which are considered to be standard-of-care treatment for severe fetal anaemia. The survival of very prematurely born neonates, in particular of a gestational age of <28 weeks, has greatly improved over the last decade but almost all these children need transfusions. Although in many cases such blood transfusions are life saving, randomized, controlled studies investigating appropriate indications, transfusion volume and type of blood product have not been performed. Most of the protocols used are expert based.