Evolving approach to the varicocele.

The varicocele is the most common cause of male infertility world wide. Varicoceles have been found in 15% of the normal male population and in up to 40% of patients with male infertility. In approximately 70% of patients with secondary infertility, a varicocele is an underlying cause. Understanding of the pathophysiology, treatments, and outcomes of a varicocele and varicocele repair has evolved significantly over the past several decades. Our goal is to discuss the approach to its diagnosis and treatment that has evolved.