Tricuspid valve repair for treatment and prevention of secondary tricuspid regurgitation in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery.

Secondary or functional tricuspid regurgitation occurring late after mitral valve surgery is associated with high morbidity and mortality. In this article, we review the pathophysiology of secondary tricuspid regurgitation and the evidence supporting the use of tricuspid valve annuloplasty for preventing and treating secondary tricuspid regurgitation. Liberal application of tricuspid valve annuloplasty is recommended to prevent progression of secondary regurgitation, as contrary to widely held opinion, fixing the left-sided valve dysfunction often does not resolve secondary tricuspid valve dysfunction. Based on existing literature, assessing the tricuspid valve annular dimensions can be recommended as part of all mitral valve operations, and annuloplasty strongly considered in patients with tricuspid annular dilatation or moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation.