Lipoprotein (a) and microvascular disease in type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes.

The influence of albuminuria and proliferative retinopathy on concentration of serum lipoprotein (a) was examined cross-sectionally in 90 Type 1 diabetic patients. Concentrations of lipoprotein (a) were less in those with normoalbuminuria (90 (8-882) (median (range] U l-1) than in those with micro- or macro-albuminuria (137 (19-1722) U l-1, p less than 0.05). The prevalence of patients whose lipoprotein (a) concentrations were greater than 200 U l-1 was also greater (45% vs 24%, p = 0.03) among patients with albuminuria, but no difference was found between the microalbuminuric and macroalbuminuric groups (53 and 41%, respectively), or between those with or without proliferative retinopathy. The present finding that lipoprotein (a) concentrations may be increased at an early stage of diabetic renal disease may in part account for the excess ischaemic heart disease associated with diabetic nephropathy.