OBJECTIVE: To examine, using a cross-twin cross-trait design, the hypotheses 1) that the genetic and environmental susceptibility to depression is expressed, in part, as alterations in cortisol day curves and 2) that cortisol abnormalities are not merely the consequence of depressive states or the stressors associated with its onset. Alteration of diurnal secretion of cortisol is a possible endophenotype of depression, as depressed patients show alterations in cortisol dynamics over the day. METHODS: Salivary cortisol measurements were obtained in a sample of 279 twin pairs at 10 random times a day for 5 days. A structured clinical interview for DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition) axis I mood disorder (SCID) was administered. Using multilevel regression analysis, the moderating influence of a lifetime diagnosis of depression in the co-twin on the association between time of day and cortisol concentrations in the proband twin was examined. RESULTS: Diurnal variation in cortisol in the proband twin differed as a function of lifetime diagnosis of depression in the co-twin. In addition, this moderating effect was significantly stronger for dizygotic than for monozygotic twins. CONCLUSIONS: Probands of co-twins with lifetime depression have a different diurnal cortisol profile than those without, suggesting that altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning is an indicator of depression susceptibility.
OBJECTIVE: To examine, using a cross-twin cross-trait design, the hypotheses 1) that the genetic and environmental susceptibility to depression is expressed, in part, as alterations in cortisol day curves and 2) that cortisol abnormalities are not merely the consequence of depressive states or the stressors associated with its onset. Alteration of diurnal secretion of cortisol is a possible endophenotype of depression, as depressedpatients show alterations in cortisol dynamics over the day. METHODS: Salivary cortisol measurements were obtained in a sample of 279 twin pairs at 10 random times a day for 5 days. A structured clinical interview for DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition) axis I mood disorder (SCID) was administered. Using multilevel regression analysis, the moderating influence of a lifetime diagnosis of depression in the co-twin on the association between time of day and cortisol concentrations in the proband twin was examined. RESULTS: Diurnal variation in cortisol in the proband twin differed as a function of lifetime diagnosis of depression in the co-twin. In addition, this moderating effect was significantly stronger for dizygotic than for monozygotic twins. CONCLUSIONS: Probands of co-twins with lifetime depression have a different diurnal cortisol profile than those without, suggesting that altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning is an indicator of depression susceptibility.
Authors: Evan Atlantis; Kylie Lange; Robert D Goldney; Sean Martin; Matthew T Haren; Anne Taylor; Peter D O'Loughlin; Villis Marshall; Wayne Tilley; Gary A Wittert Journal: Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol Date: 2010-10-26 Impact factor: 4.328
Authors: Nina C Donner; Christian D Montoya; Jodi L Lukkes; Christopher A Lowry Journal: Psychoneuroendocrinology Date: 2011-09-15 Impact factor: 4.905
Authors: Jennifer L McGuire; Hadley C Bergstrom; Clarissa C Parker; Thien Le; Maria Morgan; Haiying Tang; Reed G Selwyn; Afonso C Silva; Kwang Choi; Robert J Ursano; Abraham A Palmer; Luke R Johnson Journal: Eur J Neurosci Date: 2013-08-22 Impact factor: 3.386