[Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma associated with congenital pulmonary airway malformation in an asymptomatic adolescent].

Congenital pulmonary airway malformation (CPAM) is a rare entity with potential for malignant transformation. We describe the case of a fourteen-year-old boy evaluated for the presence of a nodular image on the right lung on the chest x-ray. Computerized Tomography (CT) showed a round lesion of medium density with cavitation on the right lung. After one year of follow-up the patient was still asymptomatic and the image was similar. With the agreement of the cardiothoracic surgeons an excisional biopsy was performed. The histological examination revealed a mucinous bronchioloalveolar carcinoma associated with a type 1 CPAM. The patient was then submitted to right inferior lobectomy. After two years follow-up he is asymptomatic and free of complications. To the authors best knowledge this is the first case reported in Portugal of this rare association. The approach to cystic lesions in asymptomatic patients is discussed.