Prolonged G2 phase of breast cancer cells and chromosome damage.

5-bromodeoxyuridine incorporation was studied in metaphase chromosomes from 24 breast tumour specimens, including 23 adenocarcinomas. In these 23 cases, a slow cell cycle was observed, with a long (8 h) G2 phase. This slowing of the cell cycle, which was poorly related to the degree of polyploidy, was significantly related to the number of chromosome anomalies: the cell cycle was particularly slow when many rearranged chromosome were observed. These in vitro findings during the first cell cycle cannot easily be transposed to the in vivo situation. By analogy with Fanconi anaemia, in which both chromosome lesions and a long G2 phase are detected, a DNA repair defect and/or high DNA mutagenesis might exist in breast cancer cells.