PURPOSE: We developed and evaluated a GM-CSF whole-cell tumor vaccine for esophageal cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Cell lines derived from surgically induced rat reflux esophageal tumors were passaged in vitro and transfected with GM-CSF. First, the GM-CSF whole cell vaccine was evaluated against subcutaneously transplanted esophageal tumor cells. In a subsequent study, the vaccine was tested to see if it could reduce the incidence of cancer in the surgical reflux model. RESULTS: While subcutaneously transplanted tumor cells produced lasting tumors in PBS non-vaccinated placebo rats, transplanted tumors regressed and were immunologically rejected in animals vaccinated prior to implantation. In the surgical reflux model, the vaccine reduced the incidence of cancer from 17/23 (74%) in the controls to 6/16 (38%) in the vaccinated animals (P = 0.046). CONCLUSIONS: The GM-CSF whole cell tumor vaccine effectively promoted a strong immune response against subcutaneously transplanted tumors and protected animals from developing esophageal cancer in the reflux model.
PURPOSE: We developed and evaluated a GM-CSF whole-cell tumor vaccine for esophageal cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Cell lines derived from surgically induced ratreflux esophageal tumors were passaged in vitro and transfected with GM-CSF. First, the GM-CSF whole cell vaccine was evaluated against subcutaneously transplanted esophageal tumor cells. In a subsequent study, the vaccine was tested to see if it could reduce the incidence of cancer in the surgical reflux model. RESULTS: While subcutaneously transplanted tumor cells produced lasting tumors in PBS non-vaccinated placebo rats, transplanted tumors regressed and were immunologically rejected in animals vaccinated prior to implantation. In the surgical reflux model, the vaccine reduced the incidence of cancer from 17/23 (74%) in the controls to 6/16 (38%) in the vaccinated animals (P = 0.046). CONCLUSIONS: The GM-CSF whole cell tumor vaccine effectively promoted a strong immune response against subcutaneously transplanted tumors and protected animals from developing esophageal cancer in the reflux model.
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Authors: R Soiffer; T Lynch; M Mihm; K Jung; C Rhuda; J C Schmollinger; F S Hodi; L Liebster; P Lam; S Mentzer; S Singer; K K Tanabe; A B Cosimi; R Duda; A Sober; A Bhan; J Daley; D Neuberg; G Parry; J Rokovich; L Richards; J Drayer; A Berns; S Clift; L K Cohen; R C Mulligan; G Dranoff Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 1998-10-27 Impact factor: 11.205