Xanthogranulomatous orchitis in a patient with a history of instrumentation and bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy.

Xanthogranulomatous orchitis (XGO) is a rare histological finding that is generally diagnosed at orchiectomy. To date, fewer than 10 reports of XGO exist in the literature. The exact pathogenesis of XGO is unknown and patients may present with a rapid onset of symptoms or a longer, more indolent course. We report a patient who presented with symptoms of epididymoorchitis, leukocytosis, and fever after an instillation of bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy for bladder cancer.