Technical advances in urological laparoscopic surgery.

Advances in laparoscopic techniques, technology and instruments have changed the face of urology to the extent that the laparoscopic approach has become the standard of care for many common urological procedures. The future of laparoscopy will build on incorporating additional technological innovations to improve surgical outcomes, advance surgical techniques and thereby decrease perioperative morbidity. Developments in laparoscopic imaging, laparoscopic instrumentation and novel surgical techniques will offer advantages to patients and urologists in the future.