Matteo Bassetti1, Elda Righi, Claudio Viscoli. 1. Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino di Genova, Clinica Malattie Infettive, Largo R Benzi 10, 16132 Genova, Italy. mattba@tin.it
Abstract
BACKGROUND: beta-Lactam antibiotics are the most used antibacterial agents in clinical practice, but the development of resistance poses some questions about their future leading to an urgent requirement for new compounds. Specifically, beta-lactamases represent the commonest single cause of bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. Numerous chromosomal and plasmid-mediated types are known and classified on the basis of their structure. Among them, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC beta-lactamase can confer broad-spectrum antibiotic resistance to ureidopenicillins, third-generation cephalosporins and aztreonam, posing unique therapeutic challenges. Furthermore, the spreading emergence of carbapenemases is a significant threat to the management of nosocomial infections. OBJECTIVE: To review characteristics of new drugs for beta-lactam resistance. METHODS: We reviewed the principal characteristics of the new drugs studied for overcoming the emergence of beta-lactam resistance among Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens. RESULTS/ CONCLUSIONS: We included in our review new beta-lactamase inhibitors (Ro 48-1220), non-beta-lactam compounds (NXL-104), new oxapenenems (AM-112, -113, -114, -115) and penems (faropenem), new cephalosporins (ceftobiprole and ceftaroline) and new carbapenems (doripenem).
BACKGROUND:beta-Lactam antibiotics are the most used antibacterial agents in clinical practice, but the development of resistance poses some questions about their future leading to an urgent requirement for new compounds. Specifically, beta-lactamases represent the commonest single cause of bacterial resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics. Numerous chromosomal and plasmid-mediated types are known and classified on the basis of their structure. Among them, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and AmpC beta-lactamase can confer broad-spectrum antibiotic resistance to ureidopenicillins, third-generation cephalosporins and aztreonam, posing unique therapeutic challenges. Furthermore, the spreading emergence of carbapenemases is a significant threat to the management of nosocomial infections. OBJECTIVE: To review characteristics of new drugs for beta-lactam resistance. METHODS: We reviewed the principal characteristics of the new drugs studied for overcoming the emergence of beta-lactam resistance among Gram-negative and Gram-positive pathogens. RESULTS/ CONCLUSIONS: We included in our review new beta-lactamase inhibitors (Ro 48-1220), non-beta-lactam compounds (NXL-104), new oxapenenems (AM-112, -113, -114, -115) and penems (faropenem), new cephalosporins (ceftobiprole and ceftaroline) and new carbapenems (doripenem).
Authors: Douglas J Biedenbach; Krystyna Kazmierczak; Samuel K Bouchillon; Daniel F Sahm; Patricia A Bradford Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2015-05-11 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Peter J Petersen; C Hal Jones; Aranapakam M Venkatesan; Patricia A Bradford Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2009-02-02 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Peter J Petersen; C Hal Jones; Aranapakam M Venkatesan; Tarek S Mansour; Steven J Projan; Patricia A Bradford Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2008-11-10 Impact factor: 5.191