Successful treatment of pulmonary mucormycosis in a renal transplant recipient with limited pulmonary reserve by combined medical and surgical therapy.

Mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic fungal infection in renal transplant recipients which is associated with exceedingly high mortality when inadequately treated. Risk factors for this infection include diabetes, neutropaenia and immunosuppression. We report a case of pulmonary mucormycosis in a renal allograft recipient with type 2 diabetes and limited pulmonary reserve. The patient was successfully treated with lobectomy and liposomal amphotericin B with preservation of pulmonary and allograft functions. Early recognition of this infection is warranted before dissemination, which carries a poor prognosis.