OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of gender on mortality of HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its possible reasons. METHODS: A retrospective study to review the records for outcomes of adult cases receiving ART at Mzuzu Central Hospital, Malawi, between July 2004 and December 2006. RESULTS: Over the study period, 2838 adult AIDS patients received ART. Of these, 2029 (71.5%) were alive and still on ART, 376 (13.2%) were dead and 433 (15.3%) were lost to follow-up. Survival analysis with Kaplan-Meier estimator showed significantly higher survival rates among females than males in WHO stage 1, 2 and 3 (both P < 0.0001) and borderline in stage 4 (P = 0.076). The Cox model revealed a death hazard ratio (males vs. females) of 1.70 (95% confidence interval 1.35-2.15) after controlling for WHO clinical stages, body mass index and age. More men than women were lost to follow-up in all occupations except health workers. CONCLUSIONS: The most important reasons for a higher mortality in male patients starting ART may relate to their seeking medical care at a more advanced stage of immunodeficiency and poorer compliance with therapy. The issue needs to be addressed in scaling up ART programmes in Africa.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of gender on mortality of HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and its possible reasons. METHODS: A retrospective study to review the records for outcomes of adult cases receiving ART at Mzuzu Central Hospital, Malawi, between July 2004 and December 2006. RESULTS: Over the study period, 2838 adult AIDSpatients received ART. Of these, 2029 (71.5%) were alive and still on ART, 376 (13.2%) were dead and 433 (15.3%) were lost to follow-up. Survival analysis with Kaplan-Meier estimator showed significantly higher survival rates among females than males in WHO stage 1, 2 and 3 (both P < 0.0001) and borderline in stage 4 (P = 0.076). The Cox model revealed a death hazard ratio (males vs. females) of 1.70 (95% confidence interval 1.35-2.15) after controlling for WHO clinical stages, body mass index and age. More men than women were lost to follow-up in all occupations except health workers. CONCLUSIONS: The most important reasons for a higher mortality in male patients starting ART may relate to their seeking medical care at a more advanced stage of immunodeficiency and poorer compliance with therapy. The issue needs to be addressed in scaling up ART programmes in Africa.
Authors: Vincent Ochieng-Ooko; Daniel Ochieng; John E Sidle; Margaret Holdsworth; Kara Wools-Kaloustian; Abraham M Siika; Constantin T Yiannoutsos; Michael Owiti; Sylvester Kimaiyo; Paula Braitstein Journal: Bull World Health Organ Date: 2010-04-16 Impact factor: 9.408
Authors: Baba M Musa; Musa A Garbati; Ibrahim M Nashabaru; Shehu M Yusuf; Aisha M Nalado; Daiyabu A Ibrahim; Melynda N Simmons; Muktar H Aliyu Journal: Int Health Date: 2016-12-09 Impact factor: 2.473
Authors: Nuala McGrath; Judith R Glynn; Jacqueline Saul; Katharina Kranzer; Andreas Jahn; Frank Mwaungulu; Msenga H C Ngwira; Hazzie Mvula; Fipson Munthali; Venance Mwinuka; Lorren Mwaungulu; Paul E M Fine; Amelia C Crampin Journal: BMC Public Health Date: 2010-10-12 Impact factor: 3.295
Authors: Arif Alibhai; Walter Kipp; L Duncan Saunders; Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan; Amy Kaler; Stan Houston; Joseph Konde-Lule; Joa Okech-Ojony; Tom Rubaale Journal: Int J Womens Health Date: 2010-08-09
Authors: Andrew M Abaasa; Jim Todd; Kenneth Ekoru; Joan N Kalyango; Jonathan Levin; Emmanuel Odeke; Charles A S Karamagi Journal: BMC Health Serv Res Date: 2008-11-20 Impact factor: 2.655