Percutaneous nucleotomy: technique with discoscopy.

In its first decade of use, percutaneous nucleotomy has proven its value in decompressive indications for lumbar disc disease. Indications include contained disc herniations as isolated pathology, or in combination with other lumbar pathology at risk for decompensation after open hemilaminotomy, eg, spondylolysis/olisthesis or former open operative procedures. The precise indications underline the need for conclusive preoperative screening, such as disco-scan and contrast-discomanometry. Overall results are 85% favorable. Percutaneous intervertebral fusion is also presented.