Claudia Becker1, Susan S Jick, Christoph R Meier. 1. Basel Pharmacoepidemiology Unit, Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 2, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recent studies related angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and calcium channel blockers to possible neuroprotective effects. Little is known about neuroprotection of angiotensin II (AT II) antagonists or beta-blockers. OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between antihypertensive drug use and the risk of developing a first-time diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD). METHODS: This was a case-control analysis within the UK-based General Practice Research Database. Cases were >or=40 years of age with an incident PD diagnosis between 1994 and 2005. We matched one control to each PD case on age, sex, general practice, index date, and duration of previous history in the database. We assessed antihypertensive drug use by timing and by exposure duration. We calculated ORs using conditional logistic regression, adjusted for body mass index, smoking, and various cardiovascular, metabolic, and psychiatric diseases and dementia. RESULTS: We identified 3,637 cases with a first-time diagnosis of idiopathic PD and an equal number of matched controls. As compared to nonuse of antihypertensive drugs, the adjusted OR for current use of >or=30 prescriptions was 1.08 (95% CI 0.85 to 1.37) for ACE inhibitors, 0.91 (95% CI 0.41 to 2.00) for AT II antagonists, 1.16 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.41) for beta-blockers, and 0.77 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.95) for calcium channel blockers. CONCLUSIONS: Current long-term use of calcium channel blockers was associated with a significantly reduced risk of a Parkinson disease diagnosis, while the risk was not materially altered for users of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or beta-blockers and, with less statistical precision, for users of angiotensin II antagonists.
BACKGROUND: Recent studies related angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and calcium channel blockers to possible neuroprotective effects. Little is known about neuroprotection of angiotensin II (AT II) antagonists or beta-blockers. OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between antihypertensive drug use and the risk of developing a first-time diagnosis of Parkinson disease (PD). METHODS: This was a case-control analysis within the UK-based General Practice Research Database. Cases were >or=40 years of age with an incident PD diagnosis between 1994 and 2005. We matched one control to each PD case on age, sex, general practice, index date, and duration of previous history in the database. We assessed antihypertensive drug use by timing and by exposure duration. We calculated ORs using conditional logistic regression, adjusted for body mass index, smoking, and various cardiovascular, metabolic, and psychiatric diseases and dementia. RESULTS: We identified 3,637 cases with a first-time diagnosis of idiopathic PD and an equal number of matched controls. As compared to nonuse of antihypertensive drugs, the adjusted OR for current use of >or=30 prescriptions was 1.08 (95% CI 0.85 to 1.37) for ACE inhibitors, 0.91 (95% CI 0.41 to 2.00) for AT II antagonists, 1.16 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.41) for beta-blockers, and 0.77 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.95) for calcium channel blockers. CONCLUSIONS: Current long-term use of calcium channel blockers was associated with a significantly reduced risk of a Parkinson disease diagnosis, while the risk was not materially altered for users of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors or beta-blockers and, with less statistical precision, for users of angiotensin II antagonists.
Authors: Jaime N Guzman; Ema Ilijic; Ben Yang; Javier Sanchez-Padilla; David Wokosin; Dan Galtieri; Jyothisri Kondapalli; Paul T Schumacker; D James Surmeier Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 2018-04-30 Impact factor: 14.808
Authors: Jose L Labandeira-Garcia; Jannette Rodriguez-Pallares; Ana I Rodríguez-Perez; Pablo Garrido-Gil; Begoña Villar-Cheda; Rita Valenzuela; Maria J Guerra Journal: Am J Neurodegener Dis Date: 2012-11-18
Authors: Soosung Kang; Garry Cooper; Sara F Dunne; Brendon Dusel; Chi-Hao Luan; D James Surmeier; Richard B Silverman Journal: Nat Commun Date: 2012 Impact factor: 14.919