Increased frequency of micronucleated exfoliated cells among humans exposed in vivo to mobile telephone radiations.

The health concerns have been raised following the enormous increase in the use of wireless mobile telephones throughout the world. This investigation had been taken, with the motive to find out whether mobile phone radiations cause any in vivo effects on the frequency of micronucleated exfoliated cells in the exposed subjects. A total of 109 subjects including 85 regular mobile phone users (exposed) and 24 non-users (controls) had participated in this study. Exfoliated cells were obtained by swabbing the buccal-mucosa from exposed as well as sex-age-matched controls. One thousand exfoliated cells were screened from each individual for nuclear anomalies including micronuclei (MN), karyolysis (KL), karyorrhexis (KH), broken egg (BE) and binucleated (BN) cells. The average daily duration of exposure to mobile phone radiations is 61.26 min with an overall average duration of exposure in term of years is 2.35 years in exposed subjects along with the 9.84+/-0.745 micronucleated cells (MNCs) and 10.72+/-0.889 total micronuclei (TMN) as compared to zero duration of exposure along with average 3.75+/-0.774 MNC and 4.00+/-0.808 TMN in controls. The means are significantly different in case of MNC and TMN at 0.01% level of significance. The mean of KL in controls is 13.17+/-2.750 and in exposed subjects is 13.06+/-1.793. The value of means of KH in exposed subjects (1.84+/-0.432) is slightly higher than in controls (1.42+/-0.737). Mean frequency of broken egg is found to be more in exposed subjects (0.65+/-0.276) as compared to controls (0.50+/-0.217). Frequency of presence of more than one nucleus in a cell (binucleated) is also higher in exposed (2.72+/-0.374) in comparison to controls (0.67+/-0.231). Although there is a slight increase in mean frequency of KH, BE and BN in exposed subjects but the difference is not found statistically significant. Correlation between 0-1, 1-2, 2-3 and 3-4 years of exposure and the frequency of MNC and TMN has been calculated and found to be positively correlated.