Characterization of Pousão pigments and extenders by micro-X-ray diffractometry and infrared and Raman microspectroscopy.

Seventeen samples from paintings by the distinguished 19th century Portuguese painter, Henrique Pousão, were characterized by micro-X-ray diffractometry and infrared and Raman microspectroscopy. The main advantages and limitations of each technique for pigment identification are outlined, revealing the need for the use of complementary techniques. Pousão's palette is discussed.