BACKGROUND & AIMS: Through the past 2 decades, a consistent association between cigarette smoking and colorectal adenomatous polyps, recognized precursor lesions of colorectal cancer, has been shown. We performed a meta-analysis to provide a quantitative pooled risk estimate of the association, focusing on the different characteristics of the study populations, study designs, and clinical feature of the polyps. METHODS: We performed a comprehensive literature search of studies linking cigarette smoking and adenomas. We used random effects models to evaluate pooled relative risks and performed dose-response, heterogeneity, publication bias, and sensitivity analyses. RESULTS: Forty-two independent observational studies were included in the analysis. The pooled risk estimates for current, former, and ever smokers in comparison with never smokers were 2.14 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.86-2.46), 1.47 (95% CI, 1.29-1.67), and 1.82 (95% CI, 1.65-2.00), respectively. The association was stronger for high-risk adenomas than for low-risk adenomas. Studies in which all controls underwent full colonoscopy showed a higher risk compared with studies in which some or all controls underwent partial colon examination. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis provides strong evidence of the detrimental effect of cigarette smoking on the development of adenomatous polyps. Smoking is important for both formation and aggressiveness of adenomas.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Through the past 2 decades, a consistent association between cigarette smoking and colorectal adenomatous polyps, recognized precursor lesions of colorectal cancer, has been shown. We performed a meta-analysis to provide a quantitative pooled risk estimate of the association, focusing on the different characteristics of the study populations, study designs, and clinical feature of the polyps. METHODS: We performed a comprehensive literature search of studies linking cigarette smoking and adenomas. We used random effects models to evaluate pooled relative risks and performed dose-response, heterogeneity, publication bias, and sensitivity analyses. RESULTS: Forty-two independent observational studies were included in the analysis. The pooled risk estimates for current, former, and ever smokers in comparison with never smokers were 2.14 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.86-2.46), 1.47 (95% CI, 1.29-1.67), and 1.82 (95% CI, 1.65-2.00), respectively. The association was stronger for high-risk adenomas than for low-risk adenomas. Studies in which all controls underwent full colonoscopy showed a higher risk compared with studies in which some or all controls underwent partial colon examination. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis provides strong evidence of the detrimental effect of cigarette smoking on the development of adenomatous polyps. Smoking is important for both formation and aggressiveness of adenomas.
Authors: Michael McCulloch; Michael Broffman; Mark van der Laan; Alan Hubbard; Lawrence Kushi; Donald I Abrams; Jin Gao; John M Colford Journal: Integr Cancer Ther Date: 2011-09-30 Impact factor: 3.279
Authors: Joseph C Anderson; Koorosh Moezardalan; Catherine R Messina; Michael Latreille; Robert D Shaw Journal: Dig Dis Sci Date: 2011-07-13 Impact factor: 3.199
Authors: Kari Almendingen; Olau Fausa; Arne Tore Høstmark; Jorunn Bratlie; Lars Mørkerid; Lars Aabakken; Morten Harald Vatn Journal: Eur J Nutr Date: 2009-01-13 Impact factor: 5.614
Authors: S-C Chuang; G Scélo; Y-C A Lee; S Friis; E Pukkala; D H Brewster; K Hemminki; E Tracey; E Weiderpass; S Tamaro; V Pompe-Kirn; E V Kliewer; K-S Chia; J M Tonita; C Martos; J G Jonasson; P Boffetta; P Brennan; M Hashibe Journal: Br J Cancer Date: 2010-03-30 Impact factor: 7.640
Authors: Daniel D Buchanan; Kevin Sweet; Musa Drini; Mark A Jenkins; Aung Ko Win; Dallas R English; Michael D Walsh; Mark Clendenning; Diane M McKeone; Rhiannon J Walters; Aedan Roberts; Sally-Ann Pearson; Erika Pavluk; John L Hopper; Michael R Gattas; Jack Goldblatt; Jill George; Graeme K Suthers; Kerry D Phillips; Sonja Woodall; Julie Arnold; Kathy Tucker; Amanda Muir; Michael Field; Sian Greening; Steven Gallinger; Renee Perrier; John A Baron; John D Potter; Robert Haile; Wendy Frankel; Albert de la Chapelle; Finlay Macrae; Christophe Rosty; Neal I Walker; Susan Parry; Joanne P Young Journal: PLoS One Date: 2010-07-16 Impact factor: 3.240