A microfabricated porous collagen-based scaffold as prototype for skin substitutes.

An important element of artificial skin is a tissue scaffold that allows for fast host regeneration. We present a microfabrication strategy, based on gelling collagen-based components inside a microfluidic device, that produces well-controlled pore sizes inside the scaffold. This strategy can produce finely patterned tissue scaffolds of clinically relevant dimensions suitable for surgical handling. Compared to porous collagen-based sponges produced by lyophilization, microfabricated tissue scaffolds preserve the fibrous structure and ligand density of natural occurring collagen. A fibroblast migration assay revealed fast cellular migration through the pores, which is desired for rapid tissue ingrowth. Finally, we also demonstrate a strategy to use this microfabrication technique to build anatomically accurate, multi-component skin substitutes in a cost-effective manner.